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1The boot: prompt waits for you to type advanced startup options.
2If you don't type anything, the computer continues starting up normally. It
3uses the kernel and configuration files on the startup device, which it also
4uses as the root device.
5
6Advanced startup options use the following syntax:
7
8 [device]<kernel> [arguments]
9
10Example arguments include
11
12 device: rd=<BSD device name> (e.g. rd=disk0s2)
13 rd=*<IODeviceTree path> (e.g. rd=*/PCI0@0/CHN0@0/@0:1)
14
15 kernel: kernel name (e.g. "mach_kernel" - must be in "/" )
16
17 flags: -v (verbose) -s (single user mode)
18 -x (safe mode) -f (ignore caches)
19 -F (ignore "Kernel Flags" specified in boot configuration file)
20
21 "Graphics Mode"="WIDTHxHEIGHTxDEPTH" (e.g. "1024x768x32")
22
23 kernel flags (e.g. debug=0x144)
24 io=0xffffffff (defined in IOKit/IOKitDebug.h)
25
26Example: mach_kernel rd=disk0s1 -v "Graphics Mode"="1920x1200x32"
27
28If the computer won't start up properly, you may be able to start it up
29using safe mode. Type -x to start up in safe mode, which ignores all
30cached driver files.
31
32Special booter hotkeys:
33 F5 Rescans optical drive.
34 F10 Scans and displays all BIOS accessible drives.
35
36Special booter commands:
37 ?memory Displays information about the computer's memory.
38 ?video Displays VESA video modes supported by the computer's BIOS.
39 ?norescan Leaves optical drive rescan mode.
40
41Additional useful command-line options:
42 config=<file> Use an alternate Boot.plist file.
43
44Options useful in the com.apple.Boot.plist file:
45 Wait=Yes|No Prompt for a key press before starting the kernel.
46 "Quiet Boot"=Yes|No Use quiet boot mode (no messages or prompt).
47 Timeout=8 Number of seconds to pause at the boot: prompt.
48 "Instant Menu"=Yes Force displaying the partition selection menu.
49
50 "Default Partition" Sets the default boot partition,
51 =hd(x,y)|UUID|"Label" Specified as a disk/partition pair, an UUID, or a
52 label enclosed in quotes.
53
54 "Hide Partition" Remove unwanted partition(s) from the boot menu.
55 =partition Specified, possibly multiple times, as hd(x,y), an
56 [;partition2 ...] UUID or label enclosed in quotes.
57
58 "Rename Partition" Rename partition(s) for the boot menu.
59 =partition <alias> Where partition is hd(x,y), UUID or label enclosed
60 [;partition2 <alias2> in quotes. The alias can optionally be quoted too.
61 ...]
62
63 GUI=No Disable the GUI (enabled by default).
64 "Boot Banner"=Yes|No Show boot banner in GUI mode (enabled by default).
65 "Legacy Logo"=Yes|No Use the legacy grey apple logo (disabled by default).
66
67 PciRoot=<value> Use an alternate value for PciRoot (default value 0).
68
69 UseKernelCache=Yes|No Default is No. Yes will load pre-linked kernel and will
70 ignore /E/E and /S/L/E/Extensions.mkext.
71
72 GraphicsEnabler=Yes|No Automatic device-properties generation for gfx cards.
73 AtiConfig=<cardcfg> Use a different card config
74 UseAtiROM=Yes|No Use an alternate Ati ROM image
75 (path: /Extra/<vendorid>_<devid>_<subsysid>.rom)
76 UseNvidiaROM=Yes|No Use an alternate Nvidia ROM image
77 (path: /Extra/<vendorid>_<devid>.rom)
78 VBIOS=Yes|No Inject NVIDIA VBIOS into device-properties.
79
80 EthernetBuiltIn=Yes|No Automatic "built-in"=yes device-properties generation
81 for ethernet interfaces.
82
83 USBBusFix=Yes Enable all USB fixes below:
84 EHCIacquire=Yes Enable the EHCI fix (disabled by default).
85 UHCIreset=Yes Enable the UHCI fix (disabled by default).
86 USBLegacyOff=Yes Enable the USB Legacy fix (disabled by default).
87
88 ForceHPET=Yes|No Force Enable HPET.
89
90 Wake=No Disable wake up after hibernation (default: enabled).
91 ForceWake=Yes Force using the sleepimage (disabled by default).
92 WakeImage=<file> Use an alternate sleepimage file.
93 (default path is /private/var/vm/sleepimage).
94
95 DropSSDT=Yes Skip the SSDT tables while relocating the ACPI tables.
96 DSDT=<file> Use an alternate DSDT.aml file
97 (default paths:
98 /DSDT.aml /Extra/DSDT.aml bt(0,0)/Extra/DSDT.aml).
99
100 GenerateCStates=Yes Enable auto generation of processor idle sleep states
101 (C-States).
102 GeneratePStates=Yes Enable auto generation of processor power performance
103 states (P-States).
104
105 EnableC2State=Yes Enable specific Processor power state, C2.
106 EnableC3State=Yes Enable specific Processor power state, C3.
107 EnableC4State=Yes Enable specific Processor power state, C4.
108
109 SMBIOS=<file> Use an alternate SMBIOS.plist file
110 (default paths:
111 /Extra/SMBIOS.plist bt(0,0)/Extra/SMBIOS.plist).
112
113 SMBIOSdefaults=No Don't use the Default values for SMBIOS overriding if
114 smbios.plist doesn't exist, factory values are kept.
115
116 "Scan Single Drive" Scan the drive only where the booter got loaded from.
117 =Yes|No Fix rescan pbs when using a DVD reader in AHCI mode.
118 Rescan=Yes Enable CD-ROM rescan mode.
119 "Rescan Prompt"=Yes Prompts for enable CD-ROM rescan mode.
120 SystemId=<UUID> Set manually the system id UUID,
121 SMUUID in smbios config (reserved field) isn't used.
122 SystemType=<n> Set the system type where n is between 0..6
123 (default =1 (Desktop)
124 md0=<file> Load raw img file into memory for use as XNU's md0
125 ramdisk. /Extra/Postboot.img is used otherwise.
126

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